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1 геометрический коэффициент
1) Geophysics: geometric constant, geometric factor, geometrical constant, geometrical factor2) Automation: geometry factorУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > геометрический коэффициент
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2 lineal
adj.1 linear.2 steady (aumento).m.shelf.* * *► adjetivo1 linear* * *adj.* * *ADJ [gen] linear; (Inform) on-line* * *adjetivo linear* * *= linear.Ex. The former necessitate the constant comparison, or manipulation, of index entries rather than the linear scanning of entries in the latter.----* metros lineales = linear footage.* no lineal = nonlinear [non-linear].* notación lineal = linear notation.* Notación Lineal de Wiswesser = Wiswesser Line Notation (WLN).* pie lineal = linear foot.* sistema de clasificación lineal = linear classification scheme.* * *adjetivo linear* * *= linear.Ex: The former necessitate the constant comparison, or manipulation, of index entries rather than the linear scanning of entries in the latter.
* metros lineales = linear footage.* no lineal = nonlinear [non-linear].* notación lineal = linear notation.* Notación Lineal de Wiswesser = Wiswesser Line Notation (WLN).* pie lineal = linear foot.* sistema de clasificación lineal = linear classification scheme.* * *1 ‹proporción/crecimiento› linear2 ‹historia/narración› linear* * *
lineal adjetivo
linear
lineal adjetivo linear
dibujo lineal, technical drawing
' lineal' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
dibujo
English:
linear
- line
* * *♦ adj1. [de la línea] linear;no lineal non-linear;dibujo lineal = drawing of geometrical figures2. [hoja] linear3. [aumento, descenso] steady♦ nm[en supermercado] shelf* * *adj linear* * *lineal adj: linear -
3 при сравнимых в остальном условиях
При сравнимых в остальном условиях-- This change results in a drop in stiffness of 30 percent for otherwise comparable conditions. При условии, что - provided (that), providing, given, with; with the understanding that; except thatFor example, the effect of varying coefficient of friction can be predicted, provided this does not introduce other wear mechanisms.The resultant energy level of turbulence is fixed by the imposed length scale, provided that the scale is sufficiently large.Using the stack temperature in equation (...) does not introduce serious error, providing bed temperature gradients are not too high.Given a reasonable areal extent of the cavity, roof collapse will occur.This experimental evidence implies that the classical von Karman approach to pure Newtonian flow is applicable in homogeneous slurry flow, except that the von Karman constant should be altered.The ratio of dimensionless load and L can be considered as constant with the geometrical parameters held near the optimal values.These [heat inputs] will be ignored henceforth, however, with the understanding that in certain cycles the measurement of secondary flows may be necessary for the determination of the total heat input.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > при сравнимых в остальном условиях
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4 существовать
exist, be, be available, to be in existence• Безусловно, существует много других форм... - There are, of course, many other forms of...• В образце не существует обнаружимого уровня углерода. - No detectable level of carbon was present in the sample.• В окрестности каждой... существует по меньшей мере одна такая точка. - There is at least one such point in the neighborhood of every...• В основном, существуют два типа... - There are basically two types of...• В основном, существуют две формы... - Basically, there are two forms of...• Далее, существует не более одного... - Further, there cannot be more than one...• Для... не существует экспериментального обоснования. - There is no experimental foundation for...• Для этой дилеммы не существует настоящего решения. - There is no real solution to this dilemma.• Между... и... существует (= имеется) очевидная аналогия. - There is an obvious analogy between... and...• Могло бы случиться, что подобные элементы не существуют, так что... - It may happen that no such elements exist, so that...• Могут существовать исключительные значения х, при которых... - There may be exceptional values of x at which...• Не существует общей формулы для... - There is no general formula for...• Не существует четкого различия... - No clear-cut distinction exists...• Необходимо заметить, что существуют два способа, которыми... - It should be noted that there are two ways in which...• Однако существует стандартный метод обращения с... - However, there is a standard method of dealing with...• Однако существуют важные специальные случаи, когда... - There are, however, important special cases when...• Однако, как указывает Смит [1], безусловно существуют примеры... - But, as Smith [1] points out, there are certainly examples of...• Отметим, что существует только одно значение... - We notice that there is only one value of...• Отсюда следует, что существует возможность для использования... - It follows that the possibility exists for the use of...• Подобная связь существует между... - A similar connection exists between...• Подобная ситуация существует в случае, когда... - A similar situation exists in the case of...• При а <0 уравнения (1) не существует решения. - Equation (1) has no solution for a < 0.• При каких условиях он существует? - Under what circumstances does it exist?• Решение может существовать только при выполнении следующих условий. - A solution can exist only under the following conditions.• Решения не существует при р > 0. - A solution does not exist when p > 0.• Сегодня не существует совершенно никакого согласия относительно... - There is absolutely no agreement today on...• Существует громадная область (чего-л). - There is an enormous range of...• Существует много других способов нахождения... - There are many other ways of finding...• Существует много примеров... - There are many examples of...• Существует много причин считать, что... - There is every reason to believe that...• Существует много способов решения данной задачи. - There are many ways to solve this problem.• Существует несколько основных причин для... - There are several basic reasons for...• Существует общая тенденция для... - There is a general tendency for...• Существует общее (= распространенное) заблуждение, что... - There is a common misconception that...• Существует простая геометрическая интерпретация этого определения. - There is a simple geometrical interpretation of this definition.• Существует такая положительная постоянная m, не зависящая от h, что... - There exists a constant m > 0, independent of h, such that...• Существует такое х > 0, что... - There is x > 0 such that...• Существует тенденция для... - The tendency has been for...• Существует теория о том, что... - It is theorized that...• Существуют два основных неудобства... - There are two main disadvantages of...• Существуют два случая, когда это должно быть принято во внимание. - There are two situations where this has to be taken into account:• Существуют и другие причины, почему полезно... - There are still other reasons why it is useful to...• Существуют несколько способов как провести введение в теорию... - There are several ways of introducing the theory of...• Существуют различные способы определения... - There are various ways of defining...• Существуют разные пути решения этой задачи. - There are various ways of tackling this problem.• Существуют три основных способа, которыми это может быть сделано. - There are three principal ways in which this can be done.• Существуют четыре причины для того, чтобы уделить внимание... - There are four reasons for devoting attention to...• Существуют экспериментальные подтверждения для утверждения, что... - There are experimental reasons for concluding that... -
5 συνεχής
συνεχής, ές,I of Space, continuous, Parm. 8.6,25, Arist.Metaph. 1069a5, Ph. 200b18, al.; of quantity, opp. διωρισμένος, Id.Cat. 4b20;σ. νῶτον Pl.R. 616e
; συνεχὲς ποικίλον a continuity of variety, Id.Phd. 110d;σ. οἰκήματα Th.3.21
.b c. dat., continuous with or contiguous to, in a line with, Hdt.4.22, E.Hipp. 226 (anap.), Arist.Mete. 339a22, Mu. 392a23, etc.: less freq. c. gen., ib. 393a29 (s. v.l.);τομαὶ σ. ἀπὸ μιᾶς μέχρι τῶν δέκα Pl.Lg. 738a
: abs.,σ. ἦσαν Κίλικες Plb.30.25.4
, cf. Str.11.6.2.2 of words, etc.,ξ. ῥῆσις Th.5.85
;πᾶς ὁ σ. λόγος Plb.1.5.5
; τούτῳ συνάπτοντες τὸ ς. Id.3.3.2; τὸ ς. connexion of letters, Plu.Lys.19: c. dat.,λόγος σ. τῷ νυνδὴ γενόμενος Pl.Ep. 318e
;σκέψις σ. τοῖς πρότερον Thphr.CP 6.3.3
.3 Math., of proportions, σ. ἀναλογία continued proportion (opp. διῃρημένη), i.e. three terms in geometrical progression, Arist.EN 1131a33, Archim.Aequil.2.9;κατὰ τὸ σ. ἀνάλογον Id.Sph. Cyl.2.5
, etc.b successive, of integers as terms in a series, Theol.Ar.54; of middle terms in argument, Arist.APo. 87b6.4 of things, continuous, conjoined, Id.HA 509b13, etc.; folld. by a Prep., σ. πρός τι ib. 495b20; of substance, clinging, dense,τὸ γλίσχρασμα [τῆς πτισάνης] λεῖον καὶ ς... ἐστι Hp.Acut.10
, cf. Gal. 6.822; ἀήρ, ἔλαιον, Plu.2.396a,696b; τὸ πυκνὸν καὶ ς. ib.701f; [γάλα] λεῖον καὶ ὁμαλὸν καὶ σ. ἑαυτῷ Sor.1.91
.II of Time, continuous, unintermitting, σ. πυρετός, opp. διαλείπων, Hp.Aph.3.21; sts. distd. from σύνοχος πυρετός, Anon. ap. Gal.17(1).220;σ. καύματα καὶ πυρετούς Pl. Ti. 86a
; [ θερμότης] Thphr.Ign.33;κίνησις Id.Lass.15
;πόνος -έστερος Th.7.81
; πόλεμος διὰ βίου ς. Pl.Lg. 625e; συνουσία, βασιλεία, X.Smp.8.18 ([comp] Comp.), Ages.1.4;πότοι Men.914
, cf. Sophil. 3;σ. κακοπαθίαι OGI244.12
(Daphne, ii B.C.); σ. γίνεσθαι, πνεῖν, of winds, Arist.Mete. 362a11,26, Thphr.Vent.1;τὸ ἀκρίτως ξ. τῆς ἁμίλλης Th.7.71
; τὸ σ. ἔργου (prob. for ἔργον) Anaxandr.63; τοῦ δήμου τὸ ς. continuous intercourse with.., Plu.Per.7; κατὰ τὸ ς. continuously, Plb. 2.2.7; consecutively, in what follows, Gal.15.116; ἐκ τούτου κατὰ τὸ ς. immediately after that, ib.902.2 frequent, τῶν ὀρνίθων ἥκιστα σ. καὶ συνήθης [ὁ γύψ] Plu.2.286a;λουτροῖς συνεχέσι χρῆσθαι Sor.1.65
; χάσμη ς. ib.24; - εστέρα ἔστω ἡ ἐκμύζησις ib.97.III of persons, constant, persevering, X.Oec.21.9;ἐν ταῖς.. πρὸς τὰ πάθη διαμάχαις Plu.2.74c
; cf. Poll.4.20, 6.147.I mostly of Time, continually, continuously, unremittingly, Hes.Th. 636, Hdt. 7.16.γ, E.IA 1008, IG12.57.54, etc.;ξ. πολεμεῖν Th.2.1
, cf. 1.11, 5.24, Antipho 6.44;συνεχέως αἰεί Hdt.1.67
, cf. Pl.Lg. 706a; ἀεὶ ς. ib. 807e; οἱ σ. ἐτῶν οὐκ ὀλίγων ἐφεξῆς γενόμενοι (v.l. γιν-)λιμοί Gal.6.749
: [comp] Comp.- έστερον A.D.Pron.65.17
: [comp] Sup.- έστατα X.Mem.4.2.6
.b without leaving an interval, immediately,ἐπίθυε.., καὶ λέγε τὸν λόγον συνεχῶς τὸν τῆς ἐπικλήσεως PMag.Par.1.1865
, cf. BGU451.15 (i/ii A.D.), PFlor.332.18 (ii A.D.);δίδοται πρὸς τὰ θανάσιμα σ. πινόμενον καὶ ἐξεμούμενον Dsc.1.30
; βδέλλας καύσας καὶ λεάνας χρῶ σ. προεκτίλας (sc. superfluous eyelashes) Aët.7.69.c at frequent intervals,ἵνα μὴ σ. λούηται τὸ βρέφος Sor.1.99
; μελίκρατον σ. ἐνστάζομεν ib. 123; τὰ βρέφη -έστερον ἐξερᾷ [τὸ γάλα].. ναυτιῶντα ib. 109;ποτίζων -έστερον ἐκ διαστημάτων Gp.10.18.5
; - έστερον, = saepius, Gloss.; - έστατα, = saepissime, ib.2 freq. with Numbers, in succession, consecutively, ὁρμαθοὺς μελῶν ἐφεξῆς τέτταρας ξ. Ar.Ra. 915; ἡμέρας ἑβδομήκοντα ξ. Th.2.75; μῆνας ὀκτὼ ς. Ephipp.5.15 (anap.); similarly, οὐ σ. ἐφεξῆς ἐν τάξει πεποιημένος [τὸν λόγον] Gal.15.496.3 rarely of Space,σ. εἶναι πᾶσαν οἰκουμένην Arist.Mete. 362b29
;σ. μέχρι.. Plb.2.14.6
.II συνεχές as Adv. freq. in [dialect] Ep., as Il.12.26; strengthd., σ. αἰεί unceasing ever, Od.9.74; also in Pi. I.4(3).65(83), Ar.Eq.21, and freq. in later [dialect] Ep., Arat.20, Call.Ap.60, etc.; also in later Prose, Luc.Somn.4, D.L.2.32, al. [σῡνεχές Hom.
ll. cc. andσῡνεχέως Hes.
l. c., B.5.113, metri gr.; also Theoc.20.12, A.R.1.1271.]Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συνεχής
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6 Burgi, Jost
SUBJECT AREA: Horology[br]b. 28 February 1552 Lichtensteig, Switzerlandd. 31 January 1632 Kassel, Germany[br]Swiss clockmaker and mathematician who invented the remontoire and the cross-beat escapement, also responsible for the use of exponential notation and the calculation of tables of anti-logarithms.[br]Burgi entered the service of Duke William IV of Hesse in 1579 as Court Clockmaker, although he also assisted William with his astronomical observations. In 1584 he invented the cross-beat escapement which increased the accuracy of spring-driven clocks by two orders of magnitude. During the last years of the century he also worked on the development of geometrical and astronomical instruments for the Royal Observatory at Kassel.On the death of Duke Wilhelm in 1603, and with news of his skills having reached the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolph II, in 1604 he went to Prague to become Imperial Watchmaker and to assist in the creation of a centre of scientific activity, subsequently becoming Assistant to the German astronomer, Johannes Kepler. No doubt this association led to an interest in mathematics and he made significant contributions to the concept of decimal fractions and the use of exponential notation, i.e. the use of a raised number to indicate powers of another number. It is likely that he was developing the idea of logarithms at the same time (or possibly even before) Napier, for in 1620 he made his greatest contribution to mathematics, science and, eventually, engineering, namely the publication of tables of anti-logarithms.At Prague he continued the series of accurate clocks and instruments for astronomical measurements that he had begun to produce at Kassel. At that period clocks were very poor timekeepers since the controller, the foliot or balance, had no natural period of oscillation and was consequently dependent on the driving force. Although the force of the driving weight was constant, irregularities occurred during the transmission of the power through the train as a result of the poor shape and quality of the gearing. Burgi attempted to overcome this directly by superb craftsmanship and indirectly by using a remontoire. This device was wound at regular intervals by the main driving force and fed the power directly to the escape wheel, which impulsed the foliot. He also introduced the crossbeat escapement (a variation on the verge), which consisted of two coupled foliots that swung in opposition to each other. According to contemporary evidence his clocks produced a remarkable improvement in timekeeping, being accurate to within a minute a day. This improvement was probably a result of the use of a remontoire and the high quality of the workmanship rather than a result of the cross-beat escapement, which did not have a natural period of oscillation.Burgi or Prague clocks, as they were known, were produced by very few other makers and were supplanted shortly afterwards by the intro-duction of the pendulum clock. Burgi also produced superb clockwork-driven celestial globes.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsEnnobled 1611.BibliographyBurgi only published one book, and that was concerned with mathematics.Further ReadingL.von Mackensen, 1979, Die erste Sternwarte Europas mit ihren Instrumenten and Uhren—400 Jahre Jost Burgi in Kassel, Munich.K.Maurice and O.Mayr (eds), 1980, The Clockwork Universe, Washington, DC, pp. 87– 102.H.A.Lloyd, 1958, Some Outstanding Clocks Over 700 Years, 1250–1950, London. E.T.Bell, 1937, Men of Mathematics, London: Victor Gollancz.See also: Briggs, HenryKF / DV
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